Sodium
What is Na in blood tests?
Na Measurement
Low: Below 135mmol/L
High: Above 145mmol/L
About Sodium
Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions.
The reasons for low Na
Low sodium (hyponatremia) can be caused by excessive water intake, kidney disease, diuretics, adrenal insufficiency, or certain medications. It is common in conditions like heart failure and liver disease, where fluid retention occurs. To increase sodium levels, reducing excessive water intake, correcting underlying medical conditions, and consuming sodium-rich foods (e.g., broth, salted nuts, cheese) can help.
The reasons for elevated Na
High sodium (hypernatremia) is often caused by dehydration, excessive salt intake, certain medications, or kidney dysfunction. It can lead to increased thirst, confusion, and muscle weakness. To lower sodium, increasing water intake, reducing processed and salty foods, and treating underlying kidney issues can help restore balance.
Is it bad too have too high/low Na?
Hyponatremia can lead to confusion, headaches, nausea, seizures, and coma if severe. Chronic low sodium levels can affect cognitive function and increase the risk of falls in older adults.
Hypernatremia can cause dehydration, high blood pressure, kidney damage, and neurological symptoms. Severe cases can lead to seizures, coma, or death if untreated.